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Rotem Sorek

Rotem Sorek

Professor of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science

Appears in 2 stories

Stories

Bacteria's expanding antiviral arsenal

New Capabilities

Leading figure in the bacterial defense system discovery boom

For billions of years bacteria have fought viruses. Until 2018, scientists could name only a handful of the tools they useβ€”mostly restriction enzymes and CRISPR. The catalog has since grown to more than 150 defense systems, and on April 23 Nature added another: Clover, a bacterial system that starves invading viruses of DNA building blocks without poisoning the bacterium itself.

Updated Apr 23

Machine learning reveals bacteria carry far more antiviral defenses than scientists assumed

New Capabilities

Won the 2025 Gruber Genetics Prize ($500,000) for bacterial immunity discoveries

Every major tool in genetic engineering β€” from the enzymes that cut DNA in the 1970s to CRISPR gene editing β€” started as a defense weapon bacteria use against viruses. Two research teams just revealed that bacteria carry roughly three times more of these weapons than anyone realized, identifying millions of antiviral proteins across tens of thousands of genomes using machine-learning models that can flag a new defense system in five minutes.

Updated Apr 17