Mozilla DeepSpeech (2017)
Mozilla shipped DeepSpeech, an open-source, connectionist-temporal-classification (CTC) speech recognizer designed to run on phones and low-power hardware without a cloud connection.
Became a reference for on-device, self-contained speech recognition.
Demonstrated that encoder-only CTC models could deliver practical, offline transcription.
IBM's encoder-only design revives that same philosophy with token-level output and claims of far higher throughput.
