Grand Rapids S-Curve built (early 1960s)
Michigan built the US-131 and I-196 freeways through downtown Grand Rapids in the early 1960s, including the famous S-Curve. The project demolished blocks of the city and split the downtown with elevated highways.
The freeways opened and reshaped Grand Rapids, clearing neighborhoods and changing the city's form.
The 60-year-old elevated structure now needs constant repairs, driving the seasonal closures residents face each year.
Today's ramp closures are the maintenance phase of that aging 1960s system. The downtown interchange's complexity is why closures come in small, disruptive pieces.
