Detroit municipal bankruptcy (2013)
Detroit filed for Chapter 9 bankruptcy with an estimated $18 billion in debt, the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history. The city emerged from court oversight in 2014 after restructuring debt, cutting pensions, and selling assets.
Emergency managers controlled city finances; public services and infrastructure had been starved for decades.
The bankruptcy reset Detroit's finances and opened the door to new investment, but left aging housing stock and sewers that still need federal money.
Explains why Detroit depends on federal grants like the $2.3 million operating subsidy and the $346 million disaster recovery award.
